Stock-car



J. WOOD. Stock-Gar.

Na. 226,897. Patented April 27,1880.

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UNITED STATES PATENT einen.

JOHN WOOD, OF OOOPERSTOVN, NEW YORK.

STOCK-CAR.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent No. 226,897, dated April27, 1880,

Application filed February 16, 1880.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, JOHN WOOD, of Cooperstown, in the county of Otsegoand State of New York, :have invented certain new Im provements onRailroad-Gars for Carrying Oattle; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full and exact description thereof, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference markedthereon, making a part of this specification- Figure l being across-section, and Fig. 2 a longitudinal section on the line x of Fig.l.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willdescribe its construction.

I construct the car with two bottoms a small distance apart, the lowerbottom, A A, tight and inclined each way toward the center, where thereis an opening to let ont all the wet and prevent' its getting onto thetrucks or rails. B B is the upper bottom, which supports the weight ofthe cattle. It is made of scantling or small timbers, placed about oneinch apart to let the wet pass through onto the lower bottom, so theanimals can stand dry. These floor-scantlings can be framed into thetimbers on each side of the car by cutting gains in said timbers for theend of the floor-scan tlin gto fit in in such a way that they can belifted out at any time to clean the tight oor under them, or for anyother purpose.

C is a door about one foot wide, extending the whole length of the caron each side. It can be made in as many sections as desired. Said doorsare attached to the car by hinges at the lower edge, so as to let downfor the purpose of cleaning out the car, which can be washed out with ahose while the cattle are in it before going into market. There areswing-brackets attached to the sides of the car, which are turned out tosupport the doors C in a horizontal position when they are open, andsaid doors form a platform to stand or walk on to feed or water thecattle. Said doors when open must be about even with the upper side ofthe scantling-loor.

D is a portion of the side of the car over the doors C, and is about onefoot wide.

E are boxes for feed and water, attached to the side of the car on thepart D. I prefer iron as being the best material to make them of, withhooks or some other device at the top to connect them to the car in sucha manner that said hooks act the part of hinges and permit said boxes Eto be turned up and emptied of water or anything they may contain.

F is a door on the sides and extending the length of the car, about onefoot wide, for the purpose of being opened to give the cattle fresh air,feed, or water, and also for emptying anything that may be left in theboxes E on the outside of the cars.

Gr is a door about one foot wide, extending the whole length of the car,about six inches from the top. It lets down for the purpose ofventilation, and also to Vpnt hay or fodder into the rack K. Said rackmay be constructed of iron or wood and placed suciently high to preventthe cattle (which stand with their hind parts toward it) fromdischarging their manure upon it.

' M are stanchions, placed about two feet from.

each other and about two feet from the side of the car. I believebass-wood or some other similar light wood the best material to makethem of; but they might be made of iron. They are twelve to fifteeninches wide and from one and a half to two inches thick, with the edgesplaned and the corners taken off to prevent the cattle being hurt onthem. These stanchions are placed alternately in such a manner that thecattle stand heads and tails. Said stanchions are loose and secured intheir places as the cattle are putin the cars. These stanchions areattached to the car by mortises in the Hoor-scantling, and also in thetop of the car, the mortise in the top of the car to be the deepest topermit the top end of the stanchion to be put into it first sufficientlyfar to permit the bottoni end to go into the mortise in the iloor, themortise in the oor being so much shallower than the top mortise that itwill not permit the stanohion to come out of the top mortise when it isput into the oormortise, and when said stanchion is in its place thereisa button on each side of it at the top end, which, being turned withthe ends against the top of the car, forms a shoulder and prevents thesaid stanchions being lifted IOO out of the bott-om mortise, and thussecures it in its proper place; but other devices may be used to connectthem to the car.

Mortises may be made a few inches apart for the purpose of contractingor expanding the space between the stanchions to correspond with thesize of cattle.

For Wild and dangerous cattle, mortises may be made through the top ofthe car and the stanchions put through from the top and secured in theirplace by a pin or some other suitable device, and when these Widestanchions are fastened in place said cattle cannot turn around or getaway, Whether they are tied and fastened or not. These broad stanchionscan be connected With and used on cattle-cars now in use.

O is an iron rod about three feet long, firmly secured to the front edgeof the stanchion, 2o With a ring and strap7 rope, or chain upon it forthe purpose of tying the cattle. I think al strap preferable to a chain,because in case of accident it can be cutand the cattle liberated; butif a chain were us'ed it might be an impossibility to loose them.

4What I claim as my invention'7 and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

l. In a stock-car, the broad stanchions M, provided with attaching-rodsO and suitable straps and rings for the purpose of separating andsecuring the animals in a car, substantially as specified.

2. The tight inclined bottom with an opening in the center, the openscantling bottom B B, and the door G, combined and arranged as and forthe purpose specified.

JOHN WOOD.

Witnesses:

SAMUEL HARPER, EDGAR H. LAKE.

